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public:nnels:cataloguing:metadata-cleanup [2024/04/05 18:42]
robert.macgregor |
public:nnels:cataloguing:metadata-cleanup [2024/04/08 16:47]
robert.macgregor |
| This is an important field that can be difficult at times. There will usually be multiple entries. We want at least one. | This is an important field that can be difficult at times. There will usually be multiple entries. We want at least one. |
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| We use FAST Subject Headings (and remove the rest). They are essentially simplified Library of Congress (LoC) Subject Headings. Over time working with them, they will become easier to recognize and get a feel for. | We use FAST Subject Headings (and remove the rest). They are essentially simplified Library of Congress (LoC) Subject Headings. Over time working with them, they will become easier to recognize and get a feel for. Most of the time, FAST Subject Headings will just be copied directly from a source - the following discussion about LoC Subject Headings may come in handy for spotting FAST vs. LoC Subject Headings, and also for times when you may need to convert LoC to FAST. |
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| FAST Subject Headings are usually comprised of a single term, whereas LoC Subject Headings tend towards multiple terms. | FAST Subject Headings are usually comprised of a single term, whereas LoC Subject Headings tend towards multiple terms. |
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| In a Marc record an LoC term may look like this:\\ | An LoC term may look like this:\\ |
| **=650 \0$aRefugees$zCambodia.** | **Refugees%%--%%Cambodia** |
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| FAST would handle it this way:\\ | FAST would handle it this way:\\ |
| **=650 \4$aRefugees.**\\ | **Refugees**\\ |
| **=651 \4$aCambodia.**\\ | **Cambodia**\\ |
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| Essentially splitting the Subject Heading into 2 terms. | Essentially splitting the Subject Heading into 2 terms. |
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| LoC term:\\ | LoC term:\\ |
| **=650 \0$aWomen$xSocial conditions.** | **Women%%--%%Social conditions** |
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| FAST term:\\ | FAST term:\\ |
| **=650 \4$aWomen%%--%%Social conditions.**\\ | **Women%%--%%Social conditions** |
| or\\ | |
| **=650 \7$aWomen%%--%%Social conditions.$2fast** | |
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| The subfield indicator separating the terms is replaced by 2 dashes (%%--%%). This is generally rare as most FAST headings are just a single term (as in the Cambodia example above, so you can't just do this all the time), but you will see certain terms again and again (for example, Murder%%--%%Investigation is common for mystery novels). Some Vendor and Copied Records will use subfields for FAST headings, like this: | This is generally rare as most FAST headings are just a single term (as in the Cambodia example above, so you can't just do this all the time), but you will see certain terms again and again (for example, **Murder%%--%%Investigation** is common for mystery novels). |
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| **=650 \7$aWomen$xSocial conditions.$2fast**\\ | You can check [[https://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/ | searchFAST]] to verify how certain terms are handled. Over time you will learn to spot which Subject Headings are likely to use 2 terms, but searchFAST is always a good resource for this. |
| This should be changed to:\\ | |
| **=650 \7$aWomen%%--%%Social conditions.$2fast** | |
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| When Drupal parses subject terms, it splits terms based on the subfield indicators, so if there is an $x in the subject term, the Drupal record will actually show 2 separate terms (Women, Social conditions instead of Women%%--%%Social conditions). | |
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| You can check [[https://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/ | searchFAST]] to verify how certain terms are handled. Over time you will learn to spot which terms are likely to use the 2 dash (%%--%%) format, but searchFAST is always a good resource for this. | |
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| Also be aware that some FAST syntaxes are different than LoC. For example, place names. | Also be aware that some FAST syntaxes are different than LoC. For example, place names. |
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| LoC: **=650 \0$aGeorgia (Atla.)**\\ | LoC: **Georgia (Atla.)**\\ |
| FAST: **=650 \4$aAtlanta%%--%%Georgia.** | FAST: **Atlanta%%--%%Georgia** |
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| LoC is City first with State/Province/Country in parentheses. FAST is State/Province/Country%%--%%City. So, take care when manually converting LoC subject terms to FAST. There are also other differences, for example when dealing with people's names and their birth and death dates, and when dealing with named events (for example the Vietnam War). Again, use [[https://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/ | searchFAST]] to get the syntax, and then you will know going forward. | LoC is City first with State/Province/Country in parentheses. FAST is State/Province/Country%%--%%City. So, take care when manually converting LoC subject terms to FAST. There are also other differences, for example when dealing with people's names and their birth and death dates, and when dealing with named events (for example the Vietnam War). Again, use [[https://fast.oclc.org/searchfast/ | searchFAST]] to get the general syntax, and then you will know going forward. |
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| The majority of FAST terms can simply be derived from LoC terms by just taking the first part of the LoC subject term. This is most apparent when it comes to fiction.\\ | The majority of FAST terms can simply be derived from LoC terms by just taking the first part of the LoC subject term. This is most apparent when it comes to fiction.\\ |
| LoC adds the term $vFiction at the end of subject terms for works of fiction. For example:\\ | LoC adds the term %%--%%Fiction at the end of subject terms for works of fiction. For example:\\ |
| **=650 \0$aMissing persons$vFiction.**\\ | **Missing persons%%--%%Fiction**\\ |
| The FAST term would just be:\\ | The FAST term would just be:\\ |
| **=650 \4$aMissing persons.** or **=650 \7$aMissing persons.$2fast** | **Missing persons** |
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| **Where to find FAST subject terms** | **Where to find FAST subject terms** |
| 1. Z39.50. The best way to search for records in Z39.50 is by using the ISBN. This will generally return multiple records for the same item. Check each record until you find one with FAST subject headings. If the records for a particular ISBN don't have FAST subject headings, try different ISBNs (ie: Paperback vs. Hard cover vs. Large print vs. Audiobook vs. etc.). Failing that, search via title and author. Searching via title often yields pages of irrelevant records. If you must use a title search, use the AND operator and second search box to search for author Name. | 1. Z39.50. The best way to search for records in Z39.50 is by using the ISBN. This will generally return multiple records for the same item. Check each record until you find one with FAST subject headings. If the records for a particular ISBN don't have FAST subject headings, try different ISBNs (ie: Paperback vs. Hard cover vs. Large print vs. Audiobook vs. etc.). Failing that, search via title and author. Searching via title often yields pages of irrelevant records. If you must use a title search, use the AND operator and second search box to search for author Name. |
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| Note that sometimes these Copied Records will not come with the 650 end of field punctuation (which is a . after the subject term/before the $2). Add that in. | 2. [[https://search.worldcat.org/ | WorldCat.org]] - This is probably the better bet, and faster. This OCLC website allows you to search by title and/or author. It will return separate entries for each form of the item (ie: print, audiobook, ebook, etc.). Generally the print entries are the best to use. |
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| 2. [[https://search.worldcat.org/ | WorldCat.org]]. This OCLC website allows you to search by title and/or author. It will return separate entries for each form of the item (ie: print, audiobook, ebook, etc.). Generally the print entries are the best to use. | |
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| After searching, click on the result and in the result page click on "Show more information" to get a variety of information, including subject headings (listed as "Subjects") - the first few subject headings will show on-screen. Click "Show more" to see all of them. | After searching, click on the result and in the result page click on "Show more information" to get a variety of information, including subject headings (listed as "Subjects") - the first few subject headings will show on-screen. Click "Show more" to see all of them. |
| FAST subject headings are marked with a Green Star. Notice that LoC terms are similar - in this case they just have the term Fiction at the end. | FAST subject headings are marked with a Green Star. Notice that LoC terms are similar - in this case they just have the term Fiction at the end. |
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| The terms that WorldCat provides do not have subfields or double dashes (%%--%%), however when there is a capitalized word (ie: "Fiction" in the LoC examples) that usually indicates a break in the subject heading. | The terms that WorldCat provides do not have subfields or double dashes (%%--%%), however when there is a capitalized word (ie: "Fiction" in the LoC examples) that usually indicates a break in the Subject Heading. |
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| Note: Wives Crimes against. This is a FAST term and by noticing the capitalization of Crimes, we can tell that the form should be "Wives%%--%%Crimes against. That will need to be changed when copied into a 650 field. Moving forward, "&&--&&Crimes against" is now recognizable as a secondary FAST term that can be spotted in the future. | Note: Wives Crimes against. This is a FAST term and by noticing the capitalization of Crimes, we can tell that the form should be "Wives%%--%%Crimes" against. That will need to be changed when copied into the Subject field in Drupal. Moving forward, "&&--&&Crimes against" is now recognizable as a secondary FAST term that you can spot in the future. |
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| You may also see terms that identify the genre of the item. This is what the 655 field is for, and so can be omitted in the 650 field. In the past, before LoC created a genre taxonomy, genre terms were put in the 650 field, but that is an outdated method. BISAC terms are also genre identifying so can be left out. However, these terms are a good guide as to what the genre is, and so can be helpful in creating the 655 fields. | You may also see terms that identify the genre of the item. This is what the Genre field is for, and so can be omitted in the Subject field. In the past, before LoC created a genre taxonomy, genre terms were put in the Subject field, but that is an outdated method. BISAC terms are also genre identifying so can be left out. However, these terms are a good guide as to what the genre is, and so can be helpful in creating the Genre Terms. |
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| For example you may omit this term from the 650 field: | For example you may omit this term from the Subject field: |
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| **=650 \0$aDetective and mystery fiction.**\\ | **Detective and mystery fiction**\\ |
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| There are also deprecated LoC terms to keep an eye out for - some of the old Genre terms for fiction ended in "stories" but the new ones end in "fiction": | There are also deprecated LoC terms to keep an eye out for - some of the old Genre terms for fiction ended in "stories" but the new ones end in "fiction" - for example: |
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| **=650 \0$aDetective and mystery stories.**\\ | **Detective and mystery stories**\\ |
| **=650 \0$aRomance stories.**\\ | **Romance stories**\\ |
| **=650 \0$aLove stories.**\\ | **Love stories**\\ |
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| These can be removed as well. | These can be omitted as well. |
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