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public:nnels:etext:language [2022/06/23 10:07]
rachel.osolen [Q&A Archive] 		public:nnels:etext:language [2022/11/24 10:27] (current)
rachel.osolen [How to Work with Languages in Word]
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-======Text in other languages======+======Text in Other Languages======
  
 Whenever there is text in another language it’s very important to properly identify the language of the text. This ensures that screen readers, braille displays, and other assistive technologies can render the content accurately and read the content according to the pronunciation rules for that language. When no other language has been specified for a phrase or passage of text, its human language is the default human language of the book. Whenever there is text in another language it’s very important to properly identify the language of the text. This ensures that screen readers, braille displays, and other assistive technologies can render the content accurately and read the content according to the pronunciation rules for that language. When no other language has been specified for a phrase or passage of text, its human language is the default human language of the book.
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   * Written Instructions for Mac: [[https://www.apple.com/voiceover/info/guide/_1124.html]]   * Written Instructions for Mac: [[https://www.apple.com/voiceover/info/guide/_1124.html]]
  
-=====Marking up Languages=====+=====How to Work with Languages in Word===== 
 +The following is a list of the different ways to mark up and approach languages in your workflow.
  
-To mark up secondary language: +  * [[.language:marking_up_languages|Marking Up Languages]]: How to mark languages in MS Word 
-  * Select the text +  * [[.language:when_an_entire_document_is_in_another_language|Full Document in Another Language]]: What to change the language for the full MS Word Doc 
-  * Go to ''Tools > Language'' +  * [[.language:indigenous_languages|Indigenous Languages]]: How to mark up Indigenous Languages. We do this differently that other languages 
-  * This will open a pop up menu +  * [[.language:working_with_languages_not_in_word|Languages Not in MS Word]]: What to do if the language is not in MS Word 
-  * Select the appropriate language +  * [[.language:working_with_images_of_words_and_different_alphabets|Images of Words and Languages in Different Alphabets]]: How to handle images of words and words typed in other alphabets
-  * Apply ''Strong'' style to the word or phrase+
  
-When passing the ticket to the Production Coordinator, please make note of what languages you used. Here is a video tutorial on how to [[https://somup.com/c3hhFJOKF8|Apply Languages and Pass the RT Ticket]].+<note tip>If something is not clear, look at the Q&A Archive below. If you are still can not find an answer, ask on the [[public:nnels:etext:q_a|Production Q&A]]. There is never a bad question!</note> 
 +----
  
-<note>The extra steps of applying ''Strong'' style and including a list of languages used in RT will help identify if they have been applied properly. The ''Strong'' style is removed for conversion by the Production Coordinator. 
-</note> 
  
-If you are working with a Windows computer, you may have to install the editing languages in order to apply them to the text. The following link will take you to a website that breaks down how to do this: [[https://www.customguide.com/word/how-to-change-language-on-word +=====Q&A Archive=====
-]] +
-=====For entire documents written in another language=====+
  
-If the entire book is written in another language, we will need to change the language of the document so that it is not English.  +Q: This question is about how we treat Indigenous languages. I have a book where there are just a few single words in an Indigenous language. They aren't phrases so I haven't marked them as per the new procedure. My question is, do I still include a Prod Note at the beginning identifying the language and explaining how they won't be pronounced correctly?
  
-To change the document language on a Mac, you can follow these steps:  +A: Yes. For Indigenous languages always include the producers note, and do your best to identify the language as precisely as you can.
-[[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/change-the-language-office-uses-in-its-menus-and-proofing-tools-f5c54ff9-a6fa-4348-a43c-760e7ef148f8#:~:text=Within%20any%20Office%20application%2C%20select,then%20select%20Set%20as%20Preferred.]]+
  
-On a PC, Word should automatically detect the language of the document:  +----
-[[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/change-the-language-office-uses-in-its-menus-and-proofing-tools-f5c54ff9-a6fa-4348-a43c-760e7ef148f8#ID0EBBF=Windows]]+
  
-=====Indigenous Languages=====+Q: Question regarding The Hanging of Angelique. THe text refers to Fala de Guine, a creole language that is a fusion of Portuguese and African languages. One paragraph of the text utilizes some specific terms from that language to describe Afro-Portuguese culture such as "mangana", "ye ye" and "zarambeque". I'm unsure of the proper language formatting for these terms... should I leave without language formatting or maybe utilize Portuguese?
  
-Currently, there is no language mark up to Indigenous Languages in Microsoft Word. To remediate this we mark up all Indigenous words in strong style. This includes proper names and places.+A: A note about less common languages: If Word does not have a language in its options for applying languages then we can not apply it. Never apply a similar language as that would be incorrect.
  
-There are span tags that have been created by the [[https://www.iana.org/assignments/language-subtag-registry/language-subtag-registry|IANA]] for a few Indigenous Languages. These span tags can be added later in the conversion process directly into the XML files for EPUB3 and DAISY text. Unfortunately, screen readers do not recognize these tags at the time of reading this. Despite this, we do want to add these tags in so when the technology catches up the language tags are there.+It is good to always check the wiki Language page, and check with me about languages as they can be very tricky sometimes (for example we don't have span tags for most Indigenous languages at this time, but Inuktitut has a set of unicode for its symbolics.)
  
-<note>You may notice that there are other languages in the IANA span library that Word does not currently support. We unfortunately do not have the bandwidth at this time to accommodate all languages that are missing. In accordance with the TRC we do want to do our best to recognize all Indigenous Languages and work towards more inclusion of these languages in our work.</note>+If you find there are a lot of these words, or longer phrases let me know and we can put in a Producer's Note similar to the one we do for Indigenous languages.
  
-This section will explain how to set up the Indigenous Languages in Word to help the Production Coordinator add the span tags during conversion.+Never hesitate to ask! 
  
-<note>Not all Indigenous Languages have span tags, and it is very important you are as specific as possible with identifying the language used in the book in the Producer's Note to help the Production Coordinator identify what tag to use.</note>+---- 
 +Q: In Svaha, there are some Mandarin phrases that are spelled out phonetically with the English alphabet. I've been trying to mark them as Strong and to set the language as Chinese but Word won't let me. (I click "okay" after choosing Chinese as the language and the pop up box closes but then the language is still marked as English). Since they're spelled out phonetically, I'm wondering if they even need to be marked? And if they do, do you have any suggestions as to why Word won't let me?
  
-There are two steps for marking Indigenous Languages: +An example of the type of phrase I'm talking about is: "Wo hen hsiang chien t'a."
-  - Apply Strong style to the words and phrases. +
-  - Insert a Producer's Note at the beginning of the text to inform the reader what Indigenous Languages are in the book, and that Text-To-Speech is unable to pronounce these words. +
-  - Leave a comment in the RT ticket indicating what Indigenous Languages are in the book.+
  
-<note>It is important you try to include the proper names of the Indigenous Languages in the Producer's Note. Where you can, also include the Tribe name. Sometimes this is clear in the book, and other times you may need to do a bit of research. If you have any questions please contact the Project Coordinator.  +Edited to add: Sure, I uploaded it to Cyberduck. I just want to add that I later came across a lot of similarly spelled out Japanese phrases and was also unable to mark them as Japanese.
-</note>+
  
-<WRAP center round box 80%>+A: It seems to be an issue with Word since the words are written with english characters. Apply bold style to them, and I will add the language tags manually during conversion. Remember to leave a note for me about the languages in a comment when you pass back the ticket in RT
  
-**Example of Indigenous Language Producer's Note**+----
  
-Producer’s Note (heading 1)+Q: I was wondering if you could make me a video showing how to add Language mark-ups? I noticed that there is one section of the My Heart is Not Blind book that says a word in Hawaiian, and another that uses the word “nonna”. I looked on the wiki and found these instructions:
  
-This book uses words and phrases written in [insert language name]. Text-to-speech software will not be able to pronounce the Indigenous-language words correctly in this Word version. (normal style) +Marking up Languages 
- +To mark up secondary language: 
-French Translation: + Select the text 
- + Go to Tools > Language 
-Note de rédacteur+ This will open a pop up menu 
 + Select the appropriate language 
 + Apply Strong style to the word or phrase 
 +When passing the ticket to the Production Coordinator, please make note of what languages you used.
  
-Ce livre comporte des mots et des phrases en [insert language name].  
-Les synthèses vocales ne seront pas en mesure de prononcer correctement les mots en langue autochtone dans cette version en format Word. 
  
-</WRAP>+So I tried this, however I don’t think I am doing it right. It’s telling me to download the Italian package for Word, for example, when I select the appropriate language. I think I may be in the wrong section...? 
  
 +A: It sounds like you need to download the language package to your Word in order to use that language tag. Windows makes you take a few extra steps to add languages you haven't used before. I found this website that breaks down how to apply, add, and use editing languages in Windows. Here is the link: [[https://www.customguide.com/word/how-to-change-language-on-word]]
 +Note: The video at the top automatically stops to give you time to do the task, just hit play again to have it start up again.
  
-=====Working with Images of Words and Different Alphabets===== +Remember, we do not markup single words that are naturalized into English. Nonna is a word that is also pronounced the same in English, so no markup. The Hawaiian should be marked up, but there is no mark up for Hawaiian in Word .... which is just ...so wrong... Mark the word as strong so I can find it and see if I can add a tag in the code. This will not be read by screenreaders though, so you can also add a producer's note stating that the book has words in Hawaiian that will not be pronounced correctly by assistive technology.
- +
-Sometimes a word or phrase will appear as an image in line with the sentence instead of typed text. This is a issue from the publisher. Words or phrases should not be formatted as images, but sometimes publishers do not follow these guidelines. When this happens you will need to transcribe the image of the term of phrase, and then apply the language style. Be sure to delete the images once you are done adding the text version. +
- +
-<note>Some languages cannot be transcribed due to the complexity of that language. An example would be Arabic. When it comes to languages like Arabic, unless you are a native speaker you cannot transcribe it correctly. In this case you would treat the image of the word like other images in the document and add Alt-Text stating it is an Arabic Word. You would then put a Producers Note at the beginning of the book to explain why you did this. If you are unsure if the language is something you can safely transcribe please contact you supervisor for more feedback.</note> +
- +
-Sometimes the terms or phrases are typed out in line with the rest of the text, but with a language that uses a different alphabet. In this case, if the text appears as typed text, and not an image, then you can simply apply a language style to it as usual.  +
- +
-In case you're not sure how to type in different languages, this is how you do it on a Mac [[https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Enable-keyboard-layouts-in-different-languages-in-Office-for-Mac-687f804e-4421-4a73-94b3-3febb538a7a1|Enable keyboard layouts in different languages in Office for Mac]] and [[https://support.office.com/en-us/article/Enable-or-change-a-keyboard-layout-language-1c2242c0-fe15-4bc3-99bc-535de6f4f258|Windows]]. +
- +
-In other cases you can use ''unicode'' to enter the characters of the language. For more information on unicode go to the [[public:nnels:etext:symbols|Symbols]] page. +
- +
-=====Q&A Archive=====+
  
 ---- ----
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 A: Looks like this is the Inuktitut language, according to the publication information. Inuktitut can be represented by [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_(Unicode_block)|Unicode Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics]]. A: Looks like this is the Inuktitut language, according to the publication information. Inuktitut can be represented by [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Canadian_Aboriginal_Syllabics_(Unicode_block)|Unicode Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics]].
 We will need to translate the images into Unicode. We will need to translate the images into Unicode.
-If you're using Mac, enable your "Unicode Hex Input" keyboard (see Language section in wiki for instructions). To type each symbol/letter into Word, hold down the ''alt'' key and type the 4-digit number, i.e. ''1400''. +If you're using Mac, enable your "Unicode Hex Input" keyboard (see Language section in wiki for instructions). To type each symbol/letter into Word, hold down the ''alt'' key and type the 4-digit number, i.e. ''1400''. 
 + 
 +Q: alfabet / alphabet features several words in Friesian, which is not included in the list of languages available in Microsoft Word. Should I format these as I would Indigenous words and leave a comment accordingly? 
 + 
 +A: Great question! Yes, you can treat it similarly to Indigenous languages on Turtle Island. 
 + 
 +---- 
 +Q: I'm working on Pilleurs de rêves, a French language book. It has a couple repeated references to Indigenous languages. One is the name of the people: anishinaabeg. Another is a single word said multiple times: nishin. I'll keep my eye out for more. In the meantime, I'm happy to add the strong style to these words, but I'm wondering if it would be possible to get a French translation of the producer's note for Indigenous languages on the Languages Wiki page. 
 + 
 +A: Yes, you need to **always** bold all Indigenous words. I will get that translation and let you know when the wiki has been updated. 
 + 
 +---- 
 +Q: Another A Thousand Times You Lose Your Treasure question: I know that we don't mark up words that have been incorporated into English, but I've noticed in this text that the author does not use the anglicized "pho," but instead writes it as "phở." Should I still leave this alone? 
 + 
 +A: You can treat it the same way as the other Vietnamese words as below. 
 + 
 +---- 
 +Q: I'm working on A Thousand Times You Lose Your Treasure, which works in words in Vietnamese, and I noticed that Vietnamese isn't one of the default language packs. I found the guide in the Wiki for adding languages in Windows -- is there a similar go-to tutorial for Mac users? 
 + 
 +A: It seems like you can not add Vietnamese to Word on Mac. I submitted a new question to the community message board, and will let you know if I hear anything. For now, just bold all the words, add a note to RT when you pass it to me that there are Vietnamese words in the document, and I will manually put in the span tags when I convert it to EPUB3. 
 +---- 
 + 
 +Q: Working on Late to the House of Words by Sharon Dolin. Because it is a Spanish-English parallel text, is it correct that I apply language on each Spanish part entirely? 
 + 
 +A: Yes, you want to apply Spanish to the full phrases. Remember in the future to include an example in your question. 
 +---- 
 + 
 +Q: Another question about Late to the House of Words by Sharon Dolin. There are some italicised words on both the Spanish and English text. Strong style is already applied to the Spanish pieces. Is clearing the format of the particular words and applying emphasis style the correct treatment to the italicised words in Spanish? E.g. Under [No conec cap espai], No conec cap espai que respongui al nom de //casa//.  
 + 
 +A: Yes, we follow the same rules for emphasis for other languages. 
  
 ---- ----
public/nnels/etext/language.1656004040.txt.gz · Last modified: 2022/06/23 10:07 by rachel.osolen

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